China Shenzhen Ofeixin Technology Co., Ltd Company News

On January 8, 2024, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced the Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 certification, introducing powerful new features aimed at enhancing Wi-Fi performance and improving connectivity in various environments. This certification marks the official beginning of the WIFI7 era. On January 10, Bingo Corporation announced the launch of the world's first WIFI7 public network at the CES exhibition, marking the official transition of Wi-Fi 7 technology into a new phase of practical application. Against the backdrop of this technological revolution, let's explore the differences between WIFI7 technology and previous Wi-Fi technologies to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this new era in wireless network technology and prepare for the arrival of the WIFI7 era.   In the previous article, we provided a detailed introduction to the Multi-AP Coordination technology in WIFI7, and those interested can click the link to learn more: https://www.wifibtmodule.com/news/the-era-of-wifi-7-has-officially-arrived-165518.html.In this article, we will discuss the QAM modulation and 320MHz bandwidth in WIFI7 technology.     Orthogonal Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a core technology in WIFI7, representing a digital modulation technique that maps digital signals onto multiple carriers with varying amplitudes and phases to achieve high-speed data transmission. In QAM, we often encounter a numerical value, which refers to the Modulation Symbol. The modulation symbol serves as the fundamental unit for carrying data in a specific modulation scheme. It signifies a particular signal state, and the information it contains can be transmitted and received through the modulation and demodulation process, typically represented by a set of discrete signal states or symbol points. Each modulation symbol represents a certain quantity of bits, or bits, depending on the modulation scheme and modulation order employed.     QAM modulation represents different modulation symbols by varying the amplitude and phase of the signal in two dimensions. In QAM, the number of modulation symbols is related to the modulation order. For instance, 16-QAM signifies 16 different modulation symbols, 64-QAM indicates 64 different modulation symbols, and the progression continues with WIFI4 using 64-QAM, WIFI5 employing 256-QAM, WIFI6 incorporating 1024-QAM, and WIFI7 introducing 4096-QAM modulation. Each modulation symbol can carry a specific amount of bit information, and with higher modulation orders, each symbol carries more bits, resulting in higher data transmission rates. Taking the example of the WIFI7 card O7851PM from Shenzhen QOGRISYS Technology Co., Ltd., which integrates 4096-QAM modulation technology, each modulation symbol can carry 12 bits. Compared to WIFI6 with 10 bits per symbol, this means a 20% speed improvement under the same encoding conditions.     Maximum 320MHz bandwidth   The bandwidth of WIFI is akin to the width of a road, where a wider bandwidth corresponds to a broader road, allowing for faster transmission of information.       In the early stages of WIFI and other wireless technologies like Bluetooth, the 2.4 GHz frequency band has been extensively shared, leading to significant congestion in that range. While the 5GHz frequency band offers more bandwidth compared to 2.4GHz, translating to faster speeds and greater capacity, it also faces congestion issues.   To achieve the goal of maximizing throughput, WIFI7 will continue to introduce the 6GHz frequency band and incorporate new bandwidth modes, including continuous 240MHz, non-continuous 160+80MHz, continuous 320MHz, and non-continuous 160+160MHz, providing users with a faster and more efficient data transmission experience.     Taking the O7851PM card module from QOGRISYS as an example, the O7851PM supports DBS and operates on both 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz + 6 GHz frequency bands. Additionally, it also supports HBS, offering a maximum bandwidth of 320MHz in the 5GHz + 6GHz frequency bands or the standalone 6GHz frequency band. The maximum data rate reaches up to 5.8Gbps, providing users with an enhanced connectivity experience.   In conclusion, with the official release of WIFI7 technology, wireless networks have entered a new era, bringing forth enhanced performance and a more stable connectivity experience. The continuous evolution of QAM modulation technology and the introduction of a maximum 320MHz bandwidth have significantly improved the data transmission rates and efficiency of WIFI7. The modulation upgrades from 1024-QAM to 4096-QAM, along with the introduction of new frequency bands and bandwidth modes, provide users with faster and more efficient wireless connectivity options.     QOGRISYS Technology's O7851PM card module, serving as an exemplar of WIFI7 technology, showcases its robust performance with integrated 4096-QAM modulation technology and support for a maximum 320MHz bandwidth. This not only delivers an enhanced connectivity experience for users but also opens up new possibilities for the future development of wireless communication. With the advent of the WIFI7 era, we can anticipate further innovations and advancements, ensuring that wireless networks can provide more powerful and reliable services in various environments.

As I pondered over this headline before starting, I couldn't shake off my concerns about whether it aligns with the content. Having worked in the WiFi industry for 10 years, I've been deeply troubled by the development of domestic WiFi chips two years ago. Back then, domestic digital transmission WiFi chips were mostly confined to the low-end market, with little visibility in the high-end market. Here, I'm compiling a summary. If there are any inappropriate parts, let's just overlook them as a joke.   WiFi chips are roughly divided into digital transmission WiFi and IoT WiFi. Apart from smartphones, hardware is primarily utilized in the form of modules.   Domestic IoT WiFi boasts high cost-effectiveness, with significant advantages closely tied to its characteristics. IoT WiFi is characterized by small data and control applications, featuring a built-in RTOS system that facilitates application development. It is primarily used in smart home and control scenarios, with devices like the ESP8266 serving as typical representatives. On the other hand, digital transmission WiFi is characterized by large data transmission, spanning various applications such as audiovisual and big data scenarios, which demand higher throughput, low latency, multiple connections, and stability. Consequently, chip design for digital transmission WiFi modules is more challenging. Today, we will mainly focus on the development of digital transmission WiFi modules.     Two years ago, WiFi technology had advanced to WiFi 6, while domestic digital transmission WiFi chips were mostly single-antenna 2.4GHz, still adhering to the WiFi 4 standard. Without exception, they were unable to break through to higher specifications due to issues like IP licensing restrictions and unassailable patents. At that time, WiFi 5 and WiFi 6 chips primarily came from Taiwanese and Western manufacturers, leading to fierce competition between domestic and Taiwanese companies for low-end WiFi 4 modules, resulting in intense price competition. Meanwhile, Taiwanese and Western companies dominated the mid-to-high-end WiFi 5/6 module market, reaping profits from niche markets. We could only sigh with frustration at our inability to compete on a global scale.     The year 2023 could be considered the dawn of true development for domestic WiFi chips. Domestic WiFi chips leaped directly from WiFi 5 to WiFi 6, ushering in a wave of new domestic WiFi chip players in the market. For instance, AIC's AIC8800 swiftly captured the market with its cost-effectiveness by initially focusing on 2.4GHz WiFi 6, then rapidly iterating to dual-band WiFi 6 to further consolidate its position. Amlogic's WiFi 6, coupled with its SOC, also gained recognition in the market. Meanwhile, WUQI, leveraging its technological edge and benchmarking against leading industry players, led the charge with its flagship WQ9101, guiding domestic WiFi chips towards greater heights with its technological advancement.     In 2024, there will be a plethora of domestically produced WiFi 6 chips and modules entering the market. Due to varying levels of technological prowess among chip manufacturers, there will be a prevalence of low-end offerings, resulting in significant homogeneity and inconsistent chip performance, primarily relying on cost-effectiveness to penetrate the market. Stronger players in the industry will pursue independent research and development, positioning themselves at the forefront of technology compared to their counterparts.     Parameters of domestically produced WiFi 6 chip modules: Low-end domestic WiFi 6 chip module parameters: 1.2.4GHz single frequency 2.b/g/n/ax 3.1T1R single antenna 4.DBAC   Mid-range domestic WiFi 6 chip module parameters: 1.Dual-band 2.4/5.8GHz 2.a/b/g/n/ac/ax 3.1T1R single antenna 4.DBAC   High-end domestic WiFi 6 chip module parameters: 1.Dual-band 2.4/5.8GHz 2.a/b/g/n/ac/ax 3.1T1R single antenna or 2T2R dual antenna 4.DBAC+DBDC Among high-end domestic WiFi 6 chips, the WQ9101 chip demonstrates advanced features compared to similar domestic counterparts. Based on RISC-V design, its main parameters are as follows: 1.Dual-band 2.4/5.8GHz 2.a/b/g/n/ac/ax 3.1T1R single antenna 4.DBAC+DBDC Its DBDC feature (i.e., dual MAC, allowing two APs to work simultaneously on 2.4/5.8GHz, compared to DBAC which supports only one AP) benchmarks against high-end functions of Western counterparts, placing it ahead of domestic counterparts in the Chinese market in terms of WiFi chip technology.     The WQ9101 features two interface designs: USB and SDIO. Its USB module, the O9101UB, has also demonstrated top-notch performance in streaming tests.     The WQ9101, with its support for DBDC and top-notch performance, excels in high-reliability and complex scenarios such as video conferencing, HDMI transmission, projectors, commercial displays, robotics, and industrial control settings. Meanwhile, the WQ9201 goes a step further with the following parameters: 1.Dual-band 2.4/5.8GHz 2.a/b/g/n/ac/ax 3.2T2R dual antennas 4.DBAC (2T2R) or DBDC (1T1R)   Other notable features include: 1.Enhanced power management, with lower current compared to similar products 2.Multiple interfaces including PCIe, SDIO, and USB 3.Reserved RISC-V for differential development, such as power-saving mechanisms for WiFi 4.Compatibility with domestic operating systems This makes it suitable for a wider range of applications including set-top boxes, laptops, tablets, and more. Corresponding modules include O9201UB, O9201SB, and O9201PM.     From the perspective of the development of domestic WiFi chips, low-end chips have already achieved cost-effectiveness comparable to their Taiwanese counterparts, while mid-to-high-end chips can compete head-to-head with Taiwanese counterparts. However, there still exists a gap between top-tier chips such as WiFi 6E and WiFi 7 and their Western counterparts. Nevertheless, with the efforts of domestic WiFi manufacturers, this gap should be narrowing rather than widening. We will witness more applications of domestic WiFi modules in various scenarios.            

On January 8, 2024, the WiFi Alliance announced the device certification for WiFi 7, marked by the launch of WIFI CERTIFIED 7. This signifies the advent of the latest generation of wireless connectivity technology and is expected to accelerate the widespread adoption of WiFi 7. According to the "China WiFi IoT Industry Research Report (2023)," starting from 2023, the WiFi market is projected to witness the coexistence of products based on multiple standards, including WIFI 4/5/6/7, over the next five years. WiFi 7, in particular, is anticipated to experience rapid growth between 2023 and 2024, emerging as a key driver of WiFi market expansion in the next five years. By 2027, it is estimated that the shipment volume of WiFi 7 products will increase by nearly 20%. The rise of WiFi 7 heralds a new phase in wireless connectivity technology, providing users with faster and more stable network connections. With the gradual proliferation of WiFi 7, the future is expected to witness a comprehensive upgrade of WiFi technology, offering robust support for the digital transformation and intelligent development across various industries.     To meet diverse market demands,QOGRISYS introduces its latest WiFi 7 module   As a comprehensive provider of IoT solutions, QOGRISYS boasts a diverse product line that caters to the varied needs of the IoT market. Taking short/long-distance communication technologies as an example, QOGRISYS'S product range encompasses WiFi, Bluetooth, WiFi HaLow, Nearlink, as well as IoT/AIOT, PLC, Cellular, and more, addressing demands arising from different scenarios.   Furthermore, in response to specific application requirements, the company reverse-engineers the evolution of technology and product development to better meet the demands of segmented markets. Taking QOGRISYS'S introduced WiFi module products as an example, they can be broadly categorized into three types: consumer electronics-grade RF WiFi & Bluetooth 4/5/6/7 modules, industrial-grade RF WiFi & Bluetooth 4/5/6/7 modules, and automotive-grade RF WiFi & Bluetooth 4/5/6/7 modules. It can be said that QO is capable of launching different types of modules to meet the needs of various scenarios.   Just recently, QOGRISYS unveiled its latest communication module, the O7851PM, which supports WiFi 7 technology. This module, at the forefront of WiFi performance, aims to break through wireless connectivity boundaries, delivering an enhanced networking experience for the next generation of IoT and mobile terminal devices.       According to information released by QOGRISYS, the WiFi 7 module O7851PM utilizes an M.2 PCIe interface, supports Dynamic Bandwidth Selection (DBS), and enables dual-band concurrent operation at 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz, 2.4 GHz + 6 GHz, and 5 GHz + 6 GHz. Additionally, it supports simultaneous operation in the 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz + 6 GHz tri-band, achieving a maximum data transfer rate of up to 5.8 Gbps. Furthermore, the module supports Bluetooth 5.3 with a maximum rate of 2 Mbps and includes features for low-power audio and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The module incorporates security features such as WPA3 encryption to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data transmission, meeting stringent security requirements for short-range connections.   Currently, the O7851PM, with its outstanding data transfer rate, ultra-low latency, and enhanced network reliability, has emerged as an ideal solution for various applications. It can meet the growing demands for wireless communication capabilities in areas such as smart homes, industrial automation, healthcare, transportation, and more.     The WiFi IoT industry is still in an adjustment phase, but products have already been implemented in major fields   The development of WiFi 7 has spanned over two years, and its adoption rate among terminals is on the rise. Many terminals are incorporating it as a standard feature, undoubtedly accelerating its implementation and development. Presently, WiFi 7 has already achieved mass production applications in scenarios requiring high throughput and low latency, such as gaming consoles and routers. Throughout the evolution of each generation of WiFi standards, the IoT has increasingly been regarded as a crucial target market. As the latest generation of wireless LAN standards, WiFi 7 has elevated WiFi performance to new heights, laying the foundation for the flourishing development of emerging scenarios. In the future, WiFi 7 is poised to expand the scope of product applications and strengthen its penetration into the WiFi market.      

Wi-Fi HaLow: Leading the Revolution of IoT Connectivity   The flourishing development of the digital age is sparking a profound transformation, with the Internet of Things (IoT) seamlessly integrating into our daily lives and work, becoming an indispensable part. With the emergence of the new generation Wi-Fi technology, Wi-Fi HaLow, there is anticipation that it will redefine the IoT ecosystem in 2024 and beyond. Wi-Fi HaLow, defined by the IEEE 802.11ah standard and certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance, is poised to meet the new demands of today's smart wireless devices by providing long-range, low-power connections, thus becoming a key driver of transformative change in IoT applications.     Wi-Fi HaLow Application：   Smart home field：   The smart home technology has always been a focal point of innovation, and with the advent of Wi-Fi HaLow, this field is undergoing revolutionary changes. Homeowners increasingly reliant on smart technology have begun to encounter limitations with existing Wi-Fi solutions, including limited range, inconsistent connections, and high power consumption. Wi-Fi HaLow addresses these challenges by offering extensive coverage (1km+), robust connections, and lower power consumption.     Logistics/Warehousing Field:   In the logistics and warehousing sector, operational efficiency is crucial. Wi-Fi HaLow offers seamless communication up to 1 kilometer, supporting wireless sensor networks and other IoT devices, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and reducing downtime. Transportation and logistics services can rely on the reliability of Wi-Fi HaLow to ensure smooth exchange of data within the supply chain, which is particularly important for cargo monitoring and fleet management.     Smart City：   Wi-Fi HaLow is becoming the cornerstone of rapidly evolving smart city landscapes. By facilitating complex interactions between security systems, environmental controls, and occupancy sensors, it enables reliable, secure, and remote wireless networks, thereby enhancing urban living. Municipalities can utilize Wi-Fi HaLow to connect transportation systems, public safety networks, and utility monitoring, creating a responsive, data-driven urban environment, thus strengthening city management and resident services.     The application of Wi-Fi HaLow in areas such as smart homes, logistics/warehousing, and smart cities will overcome the limitations of traditional Wi-Fi solutions. In the future, with the widespread adoption of Wi-Fi HaLow, we can anticipate an enhancement in the level of smartness, bringing greater convenience and efficiency to people's lives.   The embodiment of Wi-Fi HaLow technology: 4108E-S module   In order to further promote the adoption and application of Wi-Fi HaLow technology, Ofeixin has developed a new generation Wi-Fi HaLow module, the 4108E-S, based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard. The introduction of this innovative module will provide strong support for the implementation of Wi-Fi HaLow technology, accelerating its application and adoption in various fields.     Module notable features:   Smaller size: With dimensions of 13.0 x 13.0 x 2.1mm, it meets the demand for compact modules in end products, reducing the volume and deployment costs of customer products accordingly. More interfaces: The module supports a variety of peripheral interfaces, including SDIO 2.0 interface and SPI mode operation, while also providing general-purpose I2C interface, UART interface, GPIO interface, and other peripherals, providing users with greater flexibility to easily integrate into different applications. Enhanced security: The 4108E-S module provides multi-layered security features, including encryption (AES), hash algorithms (SHA-1/SHA-2), protected management frames (PMF), and Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE), ensuring confidentiality and integrity of wireless communication. Lower power consumption: Operating in the 902 – 928MHz frequency band, supporting selectable 1/2/4/8MHz channel bandwidths, accommodating data throughput from 3.333 Mbps to 32.5 Mbps. This enables devices to operate for long periods in low-power modes, greatly reducing the need for charging or battery replacement. Longer range: Operating in the Sub-1GHz frequency band, it has excellent penetration, effectively reducing signal interference and achieving extensive coverage over long distances. The module can reliably connect IoT devices within a one-kilometer range, even exceeding traditional Wi-Fi coverage by several times.   Layout of the present, outlook for the future:   By adopting Wi-Fi HaLow, stakeholders can seize countless opportunities by breaking through limitations in coverage, energy efficiency, and security. Wi-Fi HaLow is not just a means of connection; it is also a catalyst for digital transformation, with applications extending across the entire IoT ecosystem, from consumer to commercial to industrial domains. The widespread adoption of Wi-Fi HaLow marks a leap forward for the IoT, enabling billions of IoT devices to seamlessly connect, communicate, and collaborate. As we move into 2024 and beyond, the continued development of the IoT reminds us of the vital importance of connectivity in all aspects of our lives, offering unprecedented flexibility, convenience, and mobility. In this ever-evolving wireless environment, Wi-Fi HaLow stands out as the ideal protocol for the IoT, with its long-range, low-power characteristics poised to unleash the full potential of interconnected technology.      

From GreenTooth to StarFlash, wireless communication achieves transcendence   Like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, StarFlash is also a short-range wireless communication technology. To understand it, one must first understand Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, two communication technologies that play important roles in our lives. Although their application scenarios are similar, the focus of the two technologies is different: Bluetooth pursues lower power consumption, while Wi-Fi pursues higher transmission rates. Over the past 20 years, both technologies have developed along their respective goals, establishing extensive ecosystems and application scenarios, and also erecting high technological barriers.     In 2019, Huawei, in collaboration with academia and industry, jointly developed a more perfect short-range wireless communication technology and initiated the establishment of the "GreenTooth Alliance," which is the predecessor of the "StarFlash Alliance." The emergence of StarFlash marks the first time that the barriers built by Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies over the past 20 years have been broken. The StarFlash wireless communication system consists of the StarFlash access layer, basic service layer, and basic application layer, with the StarFlash access layer composed of Basic Access (SLB) and Low Power Access (SLE). SLB can be understood as Wi-Fi, with faster speed, lower latency, and higher data transmission efficiency, while SLE can be understood as Bluetooth, with lower power consumption. SLB is mainly used for scenarios such as industrial machinery control, in-vehicle active noise reduction, and wireless screen casting, while SLE is used for scenarios with low power consumption requirements such as headphone audio transmission, industrial data collection, and wireless battery management. Each has its own strengths, complementing each other.     StarFlash opens a new era of connectivity   StarFlash technology is benchmarked against Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, which are also short-range wireless communication technologies. Bluetooth focuses on low power consumption, while Wi-Fi pursues high data rates. The SLB and SLE layers of the StarFlash access layer combine the characteristics of low power consumption and high data rates.     The application prospects of StarFlash technology are very extensive, including smart homes, smart cars, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing, among others. For example, in smart homes, StarFlash technology can achieve fast and stable connections and data exchange between various smart devices. In smart cars, StarFlash technology enables high-speed, low-latency data communication between vehicles and external devices, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving. Currently, the "StarFlash Alliance" has expanded to hundreds of companies across various industries, including computing, automotive, home appliances, and network operators.     QOGRISYS'S StarFlash module is already in testing and will drive further implementation of StarFlash technology.   According to the White Paper on the Industrialization Progress of StarFlash Wireless Short-range Communication Technology and industry developments, 2024 is expected to be a year of explosive growth for StarFlash devices. With promising technological prospects, several listed companies have already taken the lead in deploying StarFlash technology. QOGRISYS, as an expert in the field of wireless communication, is also keeping pace with the trend. The StarFlash module developed by Ofeixin is currently in the testing phase and will soon be announced on the official website (http://en.ofeixin.com/). For companies interested in StarFlash technology or intending to take an early lead in deployment, they can contact us to learn about the latest industry information regarding StarFlash.  

Background of Wi-Fi HaLow：   In the past decade, Wi-Fi technology has been widely deployed in homes and enterprises, connecting billions of smart devices and facilitating rapid information transfer. However, current Wi-Fi standards face some challenges, including limitations in protocol range and overall functionality, resulting in difficulties in long-range communication and restricting the potential for smart devices to form a truly interconnected ecosystem. To meet the needs of low-power IoT clients and accelerate innovation in IoT applications, Wi-Fi HaLow technology based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard has emerged.     Wi-Fi HaLow Applications:   Wi-Fi HaLow technology is rapidly transforming the landscape across multiple domains, from enterprise networks to smart homes, and even to smart cities. Its outstanding connectivity and performance characteristics make it an ideal choice for various application scenarios.     In the domain of enterprise networks, Wi-Fi HaLow technology delivers excellent connectivity for IoT environments. Compared to traditional Wi-Fi, it offers broader coverage, greater capacity, and is suitable for requirements such as building access, management systems, and security cameras, ensuring long battery life, extensive coverage, and robust security.     In the realm of industrial automation, Wi-Fi HaLow technology overcomes physical barriers, providing unparalleled coverage and device support for industrial environments. Application scenarios encompass industrial automation, warehouse management, and transportation logistics, enhancing operational efficiency and reliability.     In the domain of infrastructure solutions, the expansive range and ability to support a large number of IoT devices are standout features of Wi-Fi HaLow technology. It meets the demands for network expansion, mesh networking, remote connectivity, and rural network enhancement, while ensuring robust security.     In the context of smart cities, Wi-Fi HaLow technology offers expanded connectivity, efficiency, and security. Each access point can support a large number of IoT devices, optimizing aspects such as long-range connectivity, energy efficiency, and urban infrastructure services.     In the realm of smart homes, Wi-Fi HaLow technology enhances connectivity through its extended range, superior penetration capability, and low power consumption. It is particularly suitable for applications such as security cameras, home gateways, and automation, providing convenience and security for large properties.   Wi-Fi HaLow Product：       Corresponding technologies inevitably have corresponding products. Taking the example of the 4108E-S module from Ofeixin, based on the IEEE 802.11ah standard, it possesses the following notable features:   1. Smaller dimensions, measuring 13.0 x 13.0 x 2.1mm, meeting the demand for small-sized modules in terminal products, thereby reducing the volume and deployment costs of customer products.   2. Furthermore, the module supports a variety of peripheral interfaces, including SDIO 2.0 interface and SPI mode operation, while also providing general I2C interface, UART interface, GPIO interface, and other peripheral interfaces, offering users greater flexibility to easily integrate into different applications.   3. Outstanding coverage performance, operating in the Sub-1GHz frequency band with excellent penetration capability, effectively reducing signal interference and achieving extensive coverage over long distances. The module can reliably connect IoT devices within a range of one kilometer, with coverage distances surpassing traditional Wi-Fi by several times.   4. Lower power consumption, operating in the 902 – 928MHz frequency band, supporting selectable 1/2/4/8MHz channel bandwidth, accommodating data throughput from 3.333 Mbps to 32.5 Mbps. This enables devices to operate for extended periods in low power mode, significantly reducing the need for recharging or battery replacement.     The 4108E-S, powered by the Morse Micro MM6108 chip, signifies a significant innovation achieved by Ofeixin in the field of wireless communication. The introduction of this module will provide a more robust and efficient connectivity solution for IoT applications, driving IoT into a new era characterized by scalability, security, low power consumption, and remote capabilities.

In today's digital era, wireless connectivity has become an indispensable part of our daily lives and work. However, understanding the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of different frequency bands is crucial when choosing the most suitable wireless connection for your needs. This article will explore the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and the latest 6 GHz frequency bands to help you make informed choices.                        Understanding the characteristics of different frequency bands:   1. 2.4 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 2.4 GHz band has relatively longer wavelengths and lower frequencies, thus offering a longer transmission range but relatively slower speeds. Application Scenarios: Due to its good penetration capability and transmission range, the 2.4 GHz band is often used for transmitting small amounts of data over longer distances, such as remote monitoring, sensor networks, etc.   2. 5 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 5 GHz band has shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies, resulting in faster transmission speeds but relatively shorter transmission ranges. Application Scenarios: The 5 GHz band is suitable for scenarios requiring high-speed data transmission and real-time applications, such as high-definition video streaming, online gaming, etc.   3. 6 GHz Band: Wave Length and Frequency Characteristics: The 6 GHz band is the latest commercial frequency band, featuring higher frequencies and larger transmission bandwidth, thus offering faster transmission speeds and less interference. Application Scenarios: The 6 GHz band is suitable for scenarios with high requirements for transmission speed and stability, such as large file transfers, high-definition video conferences, etc.                    Speed differences and performance impact:   1. 2.4 GHz: Typically provides a maximum airspeed of up to 100 Mbps, suitable for general data transfer needs.   2. 5 GHz: Can provide speeds of up to 1 Gbps, suitable for high-speed data transmission and real-time applications.   3. 6 GHz: Can provide speeds of up to 2 Gbps, featuring faster transmission speeds and less interference, suitable for applications with high demands for speed and stability.   How to Choose the Right Frequency Band:   Real-time Applications and High-Speed Data Transmission: For applications requiring real-time responsiveness and high-speed data transmission, such as high-definition video streaming, online gaming, or video conferencing, it is recommended to use the 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands. These two bands offer higher transmission speeds and less interference, meeting the demand for fast and stable connections.   Long-Distance Transmission and Lower Data Requirements: If data transmission is needed over longer distances, or if data requirements are relatively low, such as web browsing, receiving emails, etc., then due to the longer transmission range and good penetration capability of the 2.4 GHz band, it will perform more reliably in these scenarios.   Mixed-Use Scenarios: In mixed-use scenarios, such as home networks connecting various types of devices simultaneously, consider leveraging the diversity of devices across different frequency bands to optimize connectivity and performance. You can connect devices requiring high-speed transmission and real-time responsiveness to the 5 GHz or 6 GHz bands, while connecting devices requiring long-distance transmission or lower data requirements to the 2.4 GHz band. This way, you can fully utilize the characteristics of each frequency band to ensure the stability and performance of the entire network.                     When selecting the appropriate wireless connection frequency band to meet specific needs, besides understanding the characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of different bands, one can also consider employing corresponding Wi-Fi modules to optimize connectivity performance. For the 2.4 GHz band, you can choose the corresponding Wi-Fi module to achieve stable and reliable long-distance transmission. For applications requiring high-speed transmission and real-time responsiveness, it is recommended to select Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 5 GHz or 6 GHz bands to obtain faster transmission speeds and less interference.   Recommended Wi-Fi Modules for Corresponding Frequency Bands: Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 2.4 GHz band:6188E-UF,O8723UE, 6223A-SRD                Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 5 GHz band:8121N-UH,6111E-UC, 6222D-UUC                 Wi-Fi modules corresponding to the 6 GHz band:O7851PM,O2066PM, O2066PB              By combining suitable Wi-Fi module selections, one can maximize the advantages of each frequency band, thereby ensuring optimal performance and stability of network connections.  

In the digital era, as wireless networks continue to evolve, WIFI technology, one of our primary means of daily connectivity, is also undergoing constant upgrades. Over the past few years, WIFI5 has been the preferred standard for many users, providing us with reliable wireless connections. However, WIFI6 has now emerged, introducing a range of new features and being hailed as "High Efficiency WIFI." Let's delve into the differences between WIFI6 and WIFI5, explore the advantages brought by this new technology, and consider the position of WIFI5 in this technological evolution.   Compared to the currently prevalent WIFI5 technology, WIFI6 demonstrates superior performance in multiple aspects. WIFI6 not only boasts faster speeds, support for more concurrent devices, and lower latency but also operates with greater energy efficiency. It adopts OFDMA technology similar to 5G, combined with 1024-QAM high-order modulation, enabling a maximum support of 160MHz bandwidth and nearly tripling the speed compared to WIFI5. Through intelligent frequency division technology, WIFI6 can accommodate concurrent connections for more devices, increasing the access device capacity by four times. Moreover, the reduction of queuing phenomena is facilitated by multi-device concurrent connections, actively avoiding interference and reducing latency by two-thirds. During terminal device standby, WIFI6 also supports on-demand wake-up functionality, effectively reducing the power consumption of terminal devices by 30%. These advanced features make WIFI6 a significant technological upgrade in the current field of network communication.     Under the WIFI5 standard, communication between devices can be likened to a single-channel transmission, where at any given moment, only one device can communicate with the router. Even if other devices are idle, they cannot transmit data simultaneously. If any device experiences interference, the entire communication channel may be affected, similar to a blockage in the entire communication process. In contrast, under the WIFI6 standard, communication has been improved. Multiple devices can communicate in a more flexible manner simultaneously, forming a more efficient multi-user transmission. Devices can be grouped into teams, and each team can independently transmit data without interfering with each other. If a particular device experiences interference, only the team to which that device belongs will be affected, without impacting the entire communication process. This makes the WIFI6 standard more powerful and reliable in the face of interference.     To enhance the device access capacity of WIFI networks in densely populated scenarios such as exhibition venues and sports stadiums, WIFI6 has introduced a technology known as BSS coloring. In traditional WIFI communication, devices adhere to the "listen before talk" principle, meaning they wait until other signals on the same channel are detected to be finished before initiating communication. However, BSS coloring technology allows devices to assess whether other signals might impact communication through specific markers. If a WIFI6 device reads the marker and determines it as "non-impactful," it will initiate communication directly, thereby reducing wait times and effectively improving the speed and reliability of wireless networks.     This is a significant improvement, but WIFI5 devices do not support this technology. WIFI5 devices do not carry markers in their transmitted signals, so surrounding devices cannot determine from these unmarked signals whether they might affect their own communication. The only solution is to remain silent, leaving time for these older devices that do not support the new technology.     In such a scenario, once WIFI5 devices initiate communication, it may force WIFI6 devices, which could have communicated, to remain silent. This highlights the advantages of adopting WIFI6 in high-density environments, while traditional WIFI5 devices become a limiting factor for overall communication efficiency. In summary, WIFI6, as the new standard for wireless connectivity in the digital era, is favored by many users due to its higher speed, support for more concurrent devices, low latency, and low power consumption.     Shenzhen Ofeixin Technology Co., Ltd fully leverages the advantages of WIFI6 technology and has successfully launched the WIFI6 module O2064PM. This module incorporates Qualcomm's QCA2064 WIFI 6 chip, featuring ultra-high integration and outstanding performance. The O2064PM module is compatible with IEEE802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax 2x2 MIMO wireless standards, supporting Dual-band simultaneous (DBS) operation in the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands concurrently. It utilizes an M.2 PCIe interface, achieving a maximum data rate of 1800Mbps. After market validation, the O2064 module has been successfully mass-produced and stands out uniquely in the market.     Simultaneously, Ofeixin continues to innovate, keeping pace with the trends of the times, and has successfully developed and launched the WIFI7 module O7851PM. Based on Qualcomm's WCN7851 chip, the O7851PM utilizes an M.2 PCIe interface with dimensions of 22302.7mm, achieving a transmission rate of up to 5.8Gbps. It supports the latest WIFI7 technologies such as 4096QAM, 320MHz bandwidth, Multi-RU mechanism, Multi-LINK multiple link mechanism, CMU-MIMO, and collaborative debugging of multiple APs, making it an ideal choice for advancing towards higher levels of wireless connectivity. For more information about the product specifications of WIFI7              

In today's digital age, Wi-Fi has become an indispensable part of our lives, but the evolution of this wireless communication technology has been a fascinating and rich journey. From its humble beginnings with the first steps taken, to the high-speed data transmission of Wi-Fi 7 today, each birth of a Wi-Fi standard has been accompanied by numerous innovations and technological breakthroughs.           802.11: The earliest Wi-Fi standard, released in 1997, supporting a maximum transmission rate of 2Mbps. This standard operated in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and employed Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation techniques.   802.11a: Released in 1999, it introduced the 5 GHz frequency band for the first time, offering higher transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps. Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, it supported up to 8 parallel data streams, opening up new possibilities for high-speed wireless communication at that time.   802.11b: Also released in 1999, with a maximum transmission rate of 11 Mbps, significantly surpassing the performance of 802.11. Although slightly slower than 802.11a, this standard operated in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, providing better penetration and coverage, and adopted more advanced modulation techniques (Complementary Code Keying).   802.11g: Released in 2003 as the successor to 802.11b, it inherited its advantages in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and offered higher transmission rates of up to 54 Mbps. It used the same OFDM technology as 802.11a but with better compatibility. However, due to the same frequency band, it was not compatible with 802.11a.   802.11n (Wi-Fi 4): Released in 2009, it introduced Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology, enabling simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams, improving transmission rates and coverage. It operated in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, with a maximum transmission rate of up to 600 Mbps or higher.   Wi-Fi 4 series modules:6188E-UF, O8723UE, 6223A-SRD.          802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5): Released in 2013, primarily operates in the 5 GHz frequency band, introducing more MIMO streams, beamforming technology, and higher modulation techniques, with a maximum transmission rate of up to gigabits per second (Gbps).   Wi-Fi 5 series modules:8121N-UH, 6111E-UC, 6222D-UUC         802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6): Released in 2019, aimed at enhancing network capacity and efficiency. It introduces several improvements such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO), etc., to accommodate the increasing number of connected devices and high-density environments, providing better support for bandwidth-intensive applications like high-definition video streaming, online gaming, etc.   Wi-Fi 6E/6 series modules:O2066PM, O2066PB,O2064PM         802.11be (Wi-Fi 7): Released in 2024, it represents the next generation Wi-Fi standard, corresponding to the upcoming new revision IEEE 802.11be - Extremely High Throughput (EHT). Building upon Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 7 introduces technologies such as 320MHz bandwidth, 4096-QAM, Multi-RU, multi-link operation, enhanced MU-MIMO, and multi-AP coordination. These advancements enable Wi-Fi 7 to offer higher data transmission rates and lower latency compared to Wi-Fi 6. The theoretical throughput of Wi-Fi 7 is expected to support up to 46Gbps, roughly four times more than Wi-Fi 6.     From the initial 2Mbps to the arrival of Wi-Fi 7 at 46Gbps today, each standard's birth represents an unwavering pursuit of speed, coverage, and connectivity. With the advent of the digital age, Wi-Fi has seamlessly integrated into our lives and work, becoming a bridge connecting the world. And with the introduction of Wi-Fi 7, we look forward to faster, more stable wireless networks bringing us richer experiences and application scenarios, making the future even brighter.

On January 8, 2024, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced the launch of Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7, marking the official arrival of the WIFI 7 era! This certification introduces a range of powerful new features aimed at enhancing Wi-Fi performance and improving connectivity in various environments. WIFI 7 supports emerging applications such as multi-user AR/VR/XR, immersive 3D training, electronic gaming, hybrid work, industrial IoT, and automotive technologies. It is anticipated that by 2028, Wi-Fi 7 will see the market entry of 2.1 billion devices, with smartphones, PCs, tablets, and access points among the early adopters of Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 certification.     Broadcom, CommScope's RUCKUS Networks, Intel, MaxLinear, MediaTek, and Qualcomm, among other companies, have formed the certification testbed and are among the first to receive Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 devices. The introduction of this certification will drive widespread adoption of Wi-Fi 7, offering users a faster, more efficient, and reliable wireless network experience.   WIFI 7 introduces a range of cutting-edge features, such as 320MHz bandwidth, 4096-QAM, Multi-RU multi-link operation, enhanced MU-MIMO, and multi-AP collaboration technologies, aiming to provide higher data transfer rates and lower latency.     Among them, Multi-AP Collaboration is a significant innovation in Wi-Fi 7. Within the 802.11 protocol framework, various access points (APs) primarily engage in collaborative activities such as channel optimization selection, AP transmit power adjustment, load balancing, and spatial reuse for efficient resource utilization. However, in practice, the collaboration between APs is relatively limited. To further enhance the efficiency of radio frequency resource utilization in specific areas, Wi-Fi 7 introduces collaborative scheduling among multiple APs. This includes coordination planning in both time and frequency domains for neighboring cells, interference coordination between neighboring cells, and distributed MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), effectively reducing interference between APs and significantly improving the utilization of airborne resources.   The Multi-AP Collaboration scheduling in Wi-Fi 7 encompasses the following aspects：   Coordinated Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (Co-OFDMA)：   By coordinating and allocating subcarrier resources among different APs, multiple APs can simultaneously engage in parallel communication on different subcarriers. This allows for the sharing of spectrum resources among multiple APs, thereby improving spectrum utilization efficiency and network capacity.       Coordinated Spatial Reuse (Co-SR)：   Coordinating the transmission and reception time slots of different APs in the spatial domain, allowing different APs to simultaneously transmit data in adjacent areas, reduces interference between different APs, thus improving spatial reuse efficiency, network capacity, and throughput.     Coordinated Beamforming (Co-BF)：   Through Coordinated Beamforming, multiple APs collaborate to concentrate signal energy and alter antenna radiation direction, transmitting the wireless signal in a more directional manner to specific user devices. This enhances signal coverage, improves link quality, and increases transmission efficiency.     Coordinated Joint Transmission (Co-JT)：   Allowing the combination of data from multiple APs into a more powerful signal, simultaneously transmitting coordinated data to the same user device, improving the reception signal quality, transmission rate, and coverage range of the user device.     Coordinated Time Division Multiple Access (Co-TDMA):   Allowing multiple APs to transmit data in different time slots, through coordinated scheduling and allocation of time resources, avoiding conflicts and interference between APs, reducing transmission latency, providing a more stable and reliable connection, and improving network capacity and spectrum utilization efficiency.   Basic Service Set Coloring Mechanism (BSS Coloring):   By identifying and distinguishing different BSSs, it avoids mutual interference between multiple Wi-Fi routers or APs on the same channel, thereby enhancing the performance and reliability of the Wi-Fi network.     Clear Channel Assessment (CCA):   Dynamic Channel Sensing technology used to detect, perceive, and assess channel activities in the surrounding environment. It adjusts based on real-time channel conditions, aiding APs in selecting relatively idle channels to enhance performance and reduce interference with other Aps.   In the wave of technological innovation in Wi-Fi 7, Shenzhen Ofeixin Tech Co., Ltd.'s O7851PM wireless Wi-Fi 7 card has emerged as a standout performer. As a leading product with Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 7 certification, it is designed with the Qualcomm WCN7851 chip, supporting the M.2 PCIe interface with a transmission rate of up to 5.8Gbps. This card features support for the aforementioned Multi-AP collaboration technology and also boasts ultra-low latency (below 2ms), 4096QAM, 320MHz bandwidth, Multi-RU mechanism, Multi-LINK multi-link mechanism, CMU-MIMO, and other Wi-Fi 7 technologies. With its exceptional performance and innovative design, this Wi-Fi 7 card module is poised to be the pinnacle choice leading the Wi-Fi 7 era, providing users with an outstanding wireless connectivity experience.     This article has introduced the Multi-AP Collaboration technology of WIFI 7. Subsequent content will cover other WIFI 7 technologies. Stay tuned for more updates and the latest information in the wireless industry. Thank you for your attention.